The Second Wave Of Feminism - 2200 Words

The Second Wave of Feminism Betty Friedan, feminist author of The Feminine Mystique, wrote, The problem lay buried, unspoken for many years in the minds of†¦women. It was a strange stirring, a sense of dissatisfaction, a yearning that women suffered in the middle of the twentieth century†¦ Each suburban housewife struggled with it alone†¦ she was afraid to even ask of herself the silent question – ‘Is this all?’† Authors such as Betty Friedan wrote about their struggles in novels and articles in the early 1960s which were popularized in the late 1960s which led to the start of a new revolution – the second wave of feminism. The Canadian second wave of feminism started in 1967, with many feminists rising up and forming groups and organizations to bring awareness to their issues. This caused a huge uproar within society, women all over the nation found a voice and spoke up about their issues, leading to wide-media coverage and to changes in society, politics, the e conomy, and much more. The suffragist movement led to huge changes within society in the 1980s, thus changed life for women and changed life for the rest of Canada by reshaping the social structure. How did the second wave of feminism in the 1960s and 1970s reshape gender stereotypes and roles in 1980s Canada? Many religious groups believe that many aspects in society – such as the economy – did lead to the reshaping of women’s roles in 1980s Canada, but not for the better. These groups argued that women were on thisShow MoreRelatedFeminism And The Second Wave Feminism1516 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica from 1960s into the 1980s which was later spread into Europe and parts of Asia. Compare to first-wave feminism in which advocates sought for women suffrage, this feminist movement, which had a broader and deeper influence, focused on dealing with issues which hindered legal sexual equality, rights to reproduce as well as family roles. This feminism movement is named the Second-wave feminism. It was politically powerful and influential that it obtained significant gains including the pass ofRead MoreFeminism : The Second Wave Of Feminism1222 Words   |  5 Pa gesWhat is feminism? Feminism is a definition to philosophy in which women and their contributions are valued. It is based on a social political and economical which is an equality for women. It’s a revolution that includes women and men who who wish the world to be equal without boundaries. The evolution of the rights of women in Australia owes much to successive waves of feminism, or the women s movement. The first of these took place in the late 19th century and was concerned largely with gainingRead MoreFeminism And The Second Wave Of Feminism1351 Words   |  6 PagesAny given person can define feminism in a different way. Some view it as a women’s movement for women, by women and against men. It can also be hard to distinguish the different types of feminism when the more radical, outspoken people or organizations can overshadow the rest. In general, feminism is another way in which to view things, another lens in which to see the world. It is another platform f or people to express themselves as whole individuals and become a voice for others that may otherwiseRead MoreFeminism And The Second Wave Of Feminism1561 Words   |  7 Pagescries out.(Williams 3.165-8) To Stella, this is attractive. Williams A Streetcar Named Desire, published 1947 between the first wave of feminism and the second wave of feminism, portrays two polar opposite ideologies regarding feminism and masculinity. Stanley represents what a man was supposed to be prior to the re-evaluation of masculinity by the first wave of feminism; men were supposed to be assertive, aggressive, and the kings of their homes. Stella, his wife, is meant to serve as an exampleRead MoreThe Second Wave Of Feminism1594 Words   |  7 PagesSeneca Falls Convention, one of the very first advocacies for women’s rights, the Second-wave feminism in the 1960s saw itself as a movement that achieved great success in terms of women’s social, economic, and political rights. The Womenâ⠂¬â„¢s Rights Movement that began in the sixties, in comparison to the first-wave feminism in the 19th century—whereas many activists focused on only women’s suffrage—the second-wave feminism dealt with a broader range of issues. From education, the patriarchal system, sexualRead MoreFeminism And The Second Wave921 Words   |  4 PagesUnlike the First and the Second waves the Third wave does not have a starting point or a particular moment. The period from early 1990’s to present is often defined as the Third wave. This wave is considered as the â€Å"backlash† of the movements and achievements made in the second wave. Many issues like Webster decision in 1989, that made a way to create abortion laws and Planned Parenthood Association of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey made a law that women should get counseling before abortionRead MoreThe Second Wave Of Feminism799 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay examines the question, â€Å"To what ext ent was the second wave of feminism (in the 1960’s and 1970’s) successful in achieving equality for women?† The essay is introduced by describing why the second wave of feminism developed and the aims of this second wave of feminist. The essay is broken into two parts. The first part of the essay discusses the impact of women s rights activist on legislation. It is argued that the second wave feminist were unsuccessful in gaining equality in terms ofRead MoreFeminism And The Second Wave1448 Words   |  6 PagesSherlock). From women’s suffrage to abortion laws feminism has evolved with contemporary battles and a variety of approaches. The â€Å"First wave† of feminism in 1920 advocated women’s suffrage, whereas the â€Å"Second wave† targets the societal issues that women in the 21st century are facing. Betty Friedan wrote The Feminists Mystique after World War II exposing female repression and later founded the National Organization for Women (NOW) which ignited the second wave of the feminist movement. Consequently, itRead MoreSecond Wave Feminism Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesSecond Wave Feminism’s Relation to Art 1. Second Wave Feminism has a direct relation to art, as the movement and its creations were directly connected to the social problems of the times. As with most modern art, artists usually turn to creating works to express their problems with society, and this is what feminists did. As the suffragist movements with First Wave Feminism were a great success, and women did have the same legal rights as men, they still interpreted society has seeing them as theRead MoreSecond- Wave Feminism Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesHistory 2112 Second-Wave Feminism Towards the end of the twentieth century, feminist women in America faced an underlying conflict to find their purpose and true meaning in life. â€Å"Is this all?† was often a question whose answer was sought after by numerous women reaching deeper into their minds and souls to find what was missing from their life. The ideal second-wave feminist was defined as a women who puts all of her time into cleaning her home, loving her husband, and caring for her children

Essay on Our Understanding of Sexuality and Family Formation

Our Understanding of Sexuality and Family Formation The investigations in the determinants of gender and sexuality are ongoing; some are biologically orientated while others believe that they are socially constructed. This essay will discuss the idea that our understanding of sexuality and gender is linked to our understanding of family formations. It will highlight the diversities and the relationships of sexuality, gender and the family. It will also draw attention to the theory of how gender is biologically determined and fixed and the family has no influence on gender, but on the other hand the belief that gender is socially constructed, fluid and subject to change and we have to learn†¦show more content†¦This account has been questioned, as it does not account for the range of masculinities and femininities over time, culture and from person to person. Giddens (1998: 92) draws attention to a case where, through an accident, the sex of an infant had to be changed and they subsequently grew up in the ‘newâ₠¬â„¢ gender not knowing their past. Evidence such as this stresses that it is not only biological factors that account for gender and gender is not fixed, it can be changed. Anne Oakley (1972: 156) states, ‘the chief importance of biological sex is in providing a universal and obvious division around which other distinctions can be made’. This underlines what Bilton et al (2002: 134) describes as the ‘sex/gender distinction’, they state, ‘Sex is said to be rooted in nature; it [physically] distinguishes males from females. Gender on the other hand refers to the socially constructed and infinitely variable categories of masculine and feminine’. Sexuality is defined as, ‘someone’s ability to experience or express sexual feelings’ (Cambridge University Press 2004). Sexuality, like gender, has also been investigated in the broad terms of the biological and the social/ cultural. It is biologically defined anatomically (as male and female genitals differ) and the experience of an orgasmShow MoreRelatedWomen s Gender And Gender Roles955 Words   |  4 Pageswhile also keeping men under control and containing sexuality to the home (Kushner, 9/25/15). The concept of respectability not only shaped how women and men acted in both sexual and non sexual ways but outlined the ways proper marriages ought to function. In order to understand the re-rise to conservatism in the mid- twentieth century post-war America, one must consider the influence of Sexology on society. Sexology which is the study of sexuality, behavior, functions, and identity gained importanceRead More Society and Sexuality in Waiting for the Barbarians and The History of Sexuality1163 Words   |  5 PagesSociety and Sexuality in Waiting for the Barbarians, and The History of Sexuality  Ã‚   Within our modern minds reside two very different ways in which we deal with the subject of sexuality. The conceptual framework of modern society, to some extent, has developed out of past notions about the body. We can see that springing from our historical roots, issues concerning sexuality have been dealt with through mutual feelings of desire and disgust. The relationship between these two opposed feelingsRead MoreMedia Is The Most Accessible Form Of Information1643 Words   |  7 Pagesthat 77% of adolescents are watching a YouTube channel and 1 over 3 of them is a viewer of music channel. More over, 91.4% of teenagers think it is a one of positive aspect of our society. However, as with anything there are negative aspects too. According to them, one of the biggest problems rising in the field is sexuality. Much research has been done relating media promotes and encourage violence and this is widely accepted theory. By contrast, only few studies have been conducted to find out theRead MoreThe Evolution Of Vogue : An Essay1533 Words   |  7 Pagesalso becoming less about the clothing and more about the individual performance and style. Categories of vogue now included Old Way, New Way, Vogue Fem, Dramatists, and Botch Queen. Old Way is characterized by formation of lines, symmetry, and precision in the execution of such formations and graceful, fluid-like action. The Old way also consisted of some duck walking. The New Way consisted of some contortions and tutting. New Way can also be described as a modified form of mime, where imaginaryRead MoreGender And Sex Are Kindred, But They re Not1418 Words   |  6 Pagesaren’t taught to be masculine or feminine? Of course, these social cues are what mainly divides men from women, and nature from nurture, but does it also divide sex from gender? A person s sex does not change from birth, but their gender can. â€Å"The formation of gender identity has been approached in different terms by Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987), who formulated the concept of gender constancy, the awareness that gender remains fixed throughout a person s lifetime. Kohlberg noted that while childrenRead MoreCross Dressing1571 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior and individuals that behave in this manner. The purpose of this discussion is to research human sexuality of cross dressing as it relates to psychology. We will investigate the findings published in several books and journals concerning cross dressing. The research will also focus on the treatments that are available for individuals that cross dress and their families. Let’s begin our discussion by defining cross dressing and the psychological factors that can lead to the behavior. Read MoreEssay about The Harmful Effects of Pornography 1626 Words   |  7 Pagestelecommunications regularly present a representation of violent behavior in sexual activity, which has been openly pornographic and morally offensive. Thus, the communications media, such an effective instruments of unity and understanding, can also be the vehicles of a deformed outlook on life, family, religion and morality and an outlook that does not respect the true dignity and destiny of the human person.[4] In particular, parents around the world have expressed understandable concern upon the audiovisualRead MoreA Research Study On Group Dynamics1671 Words   |  7 Pagesadolescent support-group therapy. This group is aimed at helping (gay/lesbians/bisexuals) g/l/b teen aged students are able to learn major topics affecting their lives such as peer pressure, dating, family relationship and self-esteem. This will help have a socially healthy group of teenagers in our society as they will develop or learn necessary life skills during the study sections. Also, the issues of teenage pregnancy will be addressed together with drug use in the society. Deep analysis of drugRead MoreMovimientos de Redeldia Y Las Culturas Que Traicion an from Borderlands/La Frontera: the New Mestiza by Gloria Anzaldua1734 Words   |  7 Pagesdichotomy was challenged. The whole gender system was racialized. It showed the relationship between intersectionality. Intersectionality alleged that the classical models of oppression within a society, such as those involving race, gender and sexuality were interrelated based on which indicators were relevant to an individual. Although gender was significantly marked, it was also hidden. Chapter two Movimientos de redeldia y las culturas que traicionan from Borderlands/La Frontera: The New

International Consensus on Pediatric Asthma †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the International Consensus on Pediatric Asthma. Answer: Introduction: Acute asthma can be defined as of the gravest health care concerns, and it has served to be one adamant disease which requires critical care initiatives and management of the symptoms for the patient to be free from any danger of exacerbations. However, the medical industry provides systematic and efficient care program for diseases like asthma efficiently, which can be considered the contribution of a vast array of technological innovation and pharmacological advancements in the treatment of respiratory disorders (Orihara, Dil, Anaparti Moqbel, 2010). Along with the innovations in the medicine and pharmacology in order to combat the diseases like asthma, the innovative changes in the care planning and implementation for the patients suffering from asthma has contributed significantly as well to the improvement of the care scenario (Klok, Kaptein Brand, 2015). A clinical discussion comprises of exploration and analysis of the assessment of the patient and key findings, underlying p athophysiology of signs and symptoms, and care initiatives to be taken to address the clinical manifestations of the patient. This assignment will attempt to explore and evaluate the assessment and care planning procedure for asthma, taking the assistance of a case study as a clinical discussion report. Primary survey: This case study represents the case of a 12-year-old patient named Hannah sparks who had been admitted to the emergency department of a rural hospital with the primary clinical issues of shortness of breath. She had been diagnosed with asthma three years ago, and the only medical management that the patient had been privy to had been salbutamol inhalers, used when needed. It has to be mentioned in this context that the care of any patent presenting a series of discomfort must begin with the initial assessment phase. Many frameworks and protocols have been developed for streamlining the process of patient situation investigation and assessment of the signs and symptoms of the patient. The primary survey assessment framework can be considered the most suitable and effective first stage of the entire assessment process (Buckley Gordon, 2011). According to the Levinson et al. (2017), the primary survey assessment framework is the key process of the paramedic practice as well, as it serves the first pedestal of care planning for the patient. This framework mainly deals with the rapid process of determining the level of urgency that is needed by a particular patient. And along with that, the benefits of this specific assessment framework is extended towards understanding the quickly and systematically the critical condition of the patent and the absolute care priorities. The primary survey usually is conducted using the DRABC approach which has five step by step assessment functions, danger, response, airway, breathing and circulation assessment. The first component is danger, where the patient will need to be assessed for any immediate danger that can lead to fatal consequences for the patient. Concerning this case study, there was no immediate pertinent danger to the patient. The next element of the assessment framework is response, and it is associated with understanding the levels consciousness of the patient (Akinbami et al., 2012). In this phase the AVPU scale is utilized to check if the patient is alert, is responding to verbal stimuli, responding to any painful stimuli or is unresponsive throughout or in any of the mentioned stimuli. Concerning this case study, the patient is alert and is efficiently responding to the all the stimuli, her verbal response is limited to 2-3 word sentences. The next element of the assessment is the airway assessment, where the competence of the airways of the patient is checked for any risk of future stridors. In this case, Hannah, the patient under consideration in the case study had been dealing with audible expiratory wheezing which indicates at obstructed airways and possibilities of future stridor. The fourth element is the breathing assessment, which is done to check if the patient is breathing with an average respiratory rate and whether the patient has ade quate ventilation. Hannah had shortness of breath with audible wheezing and respiratory rate of 28 bpm, which indicates at respiratory disorders and aggravated asthma. The last element of the assessment framework is the circulation assessment which helps in determination whether the patient has an adequate pulse or circulation. In this case, the patient had a pulse rate of 125 bpm and the blood pressure of 130/70 mmHg; which indicates at the higher cardiac output and slight hypertension (Moore et al., 2010). Underlying pathophysiology with 2 abnormal assessment findings: From the primary survey assessment framework, it can be stated that the patient had been facing the onset of worsening asthma indicated by the shortness of breath, wheezing, and high respiratory rate. Now it has to be mentioned that asthma is a very common respiratory disease and it targets a vast majority of the population across differential age groups as well. This particular disease targets According to the authors, the pathophysiology of this disease is complex, and it involves a variety of different respiratory complications like airway inflammation, intermittent airway obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. On a more elaborative note, it affects 235 million people worldwide, and despite being common in adults as well, this particular disease begins its onset in the children more commonly. It has to be mentioned that asthma is facilitated by the construction of the airways which in turn leads to inflammation and hypersecretion of mucus. Both of these factors together p romote wheezing and airway obstruction which can facilitate coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath as well (Murphy O'byrne, 2010). One of the most common phenomena in case of the asthma episodes is the onset of broncho-constriction. This process is facilitated when the inflamed airways produce a hypersensitivity reaction to the environmental triggers such as smoke, pollen, dust. This constriction then, in turn, produces excessive mucous which further blocs the already narrowed down airways and contributes to the obstruction. Elaborating more, the presence of the stimuli or allergen acts like a potent trigger in this scenario and leads to smooth muscle spasms in the bronchial airways which is soon followed by renewed inflammation and hypersecretion of the mucous in the airways leading to the infamous asthma attacks (Kaufman, 2011). Exploring the pathophysiology of the mechanism of the spasms, a bronchus functions by means of the autonomic nervous system which then functions by means of a parasympathetic reflex loop. This parasympathetic reflex loop is composed of afferent nerve endings present in the inner lining of the bronchus. The stimulation of the allergens is facilitated in the afferent nerve endings, which results into the travel of a significant impulse to the brain stem vagal centre and moves down the vagal efferent pathway and reaches back to the small bronchial airways facilitating the constriction and resultant intermittent spasms. The inflammation, on the other hand, is also facilitated by the immune response o the respiratory apparatus to the stimuli by the activation of the antigen-presenting cells (Orihara, Dil, Anaparti Moqbel, 2010). It has to be mentioned that, the two selected abnormal assessment findings from the primary survey assessment framework are the shortness of breath due to wheezing and high respiratory rate. The patient had audible expiratory wheezing and the ability to answer questions with 2-3 word sentences which indicates the severity of her airway obstruction and validates the choice of this finding. Along with that, the average respiratory rate is 18-20 breaths per minute, whereas the patient had a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute. Hence it had been chosen as the second abnormal assessment finding of the assignment. Considering the signs and symptoms of the patient it has to be mentioned that the stimulation by any external stimuli has resulted in the chain reaction of bronchial constriction in the patient; which has then led to airway inflammation, hypersecretion of mucous (Ozier et al., 2011). It can be the possible pathway leading to the presence of shortness of breath and wheezing in the patient due to airway obstruction, along with that the inflammation in the airways coupled with smooth muscle spasm would have resulted to increased oxygen demands in the body leading to the high respiratory rate at 28 breaths per minute. Nursing management in the first hour: Nursing priorities Nursing outcome Management interventions Rationale Shortness of breath with excessive wheezing. The patient will be relieved from the shortness of breath and the wheezing will subside. Along with that the normal relaxed breathing pattern will be facilitated in the patient. Assessment of the vital signs of the patient with assessment of respiratory rate, depth and rhythm. Assessment of the adventitious breathing sounds and oxygen saturation. Administration of airway clearance with sectioning intervention (Basole et al., 2015). Administration of necessary medication like beta 2 adrenergic drugs (albuterol, levalbuterol, terbutaline) It will help in determining the extend of the respiratory distress due to the asthma attack and the exact severity of her condition (Basole et al., 2015). Will help in understanding the severity of airway obstruction and bronchospasm. Cleared airways will facilitate better airway passage. These will serve the purpose of bronchodilation which will help in relaxing the bronchial smooth muscles, facilitating better airway passage (Papadopoulos et al., 2012). High respiratory rate and 91% oxygen saturation The patient will regain normal respiratory rate and the oxygen saturation of the patient reaches 98% Auscultation of the adventitious breathing sounds to check for wheezes or rhonchi and with effectiveness and duration of the cough (Papadopoulos et al., 2012). Entertain breathing exercises and suggest the patient to obtain recovery position to calm the patient and revive the breathing rate. Repeat airway clearance if needed and provide external oxygen masks. Encourage increased fluid uptake in the patient. Administer inhaled corticosteroids like budesonides, fluticasone, beclomethasone, and mometasone The breathing sound identification will guide the care plan to follow. The breathing exercises will serve as excellent nonpharmacological means to improve the expiration-aspiration ratio. Airway clearance will reduce obstruction and will facilitate better breathing (Bratton et al., 2012). Fluid uptake will improve renal input and output facilitating better comfort of the patient. It will help in the reducing the inflammation and reviving the respiratory rate back to normal (Halterman et al., 2011). Slightly high cardiac output due to anxiety The patient will be relieved from the anxiety and will be calm and relaxed throughout the stay. Assessment of the cardiac output of the patient along with the blood pressure. Assessment of different signs of anxiety in the patient by assessing the indicators like panic, fear, and uneasiness in the patient (Klok, Kaptein Brand, 2015). Assessment of theophylline levels in the body. Providing the means for relaxation to the patient such as calm quiet atmosphere and soft music. Encourage progressive muscle relaxation technique in the patient, diaphragmatic and pursed lip breathing and repetitive use of relaxation phrases. The assessment will provide a clear idea regarding the cardiovascular risk. Anxiety can be a cause for shallow breathing and the underlying cause identification will guide the best suited intervention plan. As excessive theophylline concentration in the body determines the levels of anxiety this assessment will determine the severity of the anxiety in the patient and its impact on the cardiac output (Morse et al., 2011). The calm environment and soft muscle will to some extent reduce the tachycardia. The relaxation exercises will help the patient overcome the anxiety and feel calm so that the cardiac output decreases further. Management of her slightly high blood pressure. The blood pressure of the patient will reduce and will revert back to the normal levels. Assessment, monitoring and recording to the blood pressure of the patient and assessing the laboratory data that is available Assessing the presence of the quality of the central and peripheral pulse of the patient as well (Moore et al., 2010). Auscultation of heart tones and the breathing sounds. Administering mild diuretics to lower the blood pressure of the patient like the chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, metolazone, or Quinethazone. In case the patient does not retain normal blood pressure, administrating loop diuretics like the furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide. It will provide the nursing profession with the insight regarding the underlying reasons behind the hypertension. It will provide insight regarding the incidence and probability of the vasoconstriction Will determine any possibility of atrial hypertrophy in the patient. It will help in reducing the hypertension of the patient by providing slight vasodilation and reducing BP (Liu et al., 2010). It will help in providing diuresis in the patient by inhibiting resorption of sodium and chloride in the body. Conclusion: It has to be understood in this context that any disease can turn life-threatening with the lack of immediate and effective intervention applied to the scenario. The delay in the administration of the care interventions can have a significant detrimental impact on the disease progression pathway and can even lead to fatal consequences for the patient. Therefore, the only method to ensure that the patient is going to attain immediate care intervention, prompt and effective assessment is an absolute requirement. The primary assessment framework provides the excellent tool for the registered nurses to effectively and successfully complete the task of assessing the different physical manifestation of the disease the patient is suffering from. The registered nurses are benefitted exponentially by the use if the DRABC primary survey assessment framework which provides the students with the opportunity to rapidly identify and articulate immediate responses for each care priority of the patient, in turn avoiding the chances of the patient deteriorating towards life-threatening abnormalities. This assignment provided an excellent opportunity to understand the importance of primary survey assessment framework and the context of medical practice that it can apply to effectively. And it will be an extremely beneficial stepping stone in the process of learning the key roles and responsibilities of a registered nurse while caring for an acutely ill patient approaching life-threatening condition. References: Akinbami, L. J., Bailey, C. M., Johnson, C. A., King, M. E., Liu, X., Moorman, J. E., Zahran, H. S. (2012). Trends in asthma prevalence, health care use, and mortality in the United States, 2001-2010. Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/12331 Basole, R. C., Braunstein, M. L., Kumar, V., Park, H., Kahng, M., Chau, D. H., ... Lesnick, B. (2015). Understanding variations in pediatric asthma care processes in the emergency department using visual analytics.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association,22(2), 318-323. Doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocu016 Bratton, S. L., Newth, C. J., Zuppa, A. F., Moler, F. W., Meert, K. L., Berg, R. A., ... Carcillo, J. A. (2012). Critical care for pediatric asthma: wide care variability and challenges for study.Pediatric Critical Care Medicine,13(4), 407. Doi:10.1097/PCC.0b013e318238b428 Buckley, T., Gordon, C. (2011). The effectiveness of high fidelity simulation on medicalsurgical registered nurses' ability to recognise and respond to clinical emergencies.Nurse Education Today,31(7), 716-721. Doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2010.04.004 Halterman, J. S., Riekert, K., Bayer, A., Fagnano, M., Tremblay, P., Blaakman, S., Borrelli, B. (2011). A pilot study to enhance preventive asthma care among urban adolescents with asthma.Journal of Asthma,48(5), 523-530. Doi: 10.3109/02770903.2011.576741 Kaufman, G. (2011). Asthma: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management.Nursing Standard (through 2013),26(5), 48. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/openview/30eb520f6edffed05588ffead92f5a4f/1?pq-origsite=gscholarcbl=30130 Klok, T., Kaptein, A. A., Brand, P. L. (2015). Non?adherence in children with asthma reviewed: The need for improvement of asthma care and medical education.Pediatric Allergy and Immunology,26(3), 197-205. Doi: 10.1111/pai.12362 Levinson, M., Kelly, D., Zahariou, K., Johnson, M., Jackman, C., Mackenzie, S. (2017). Description and student self?evaluation of a pilot integrated small group learning and simulation programme for medical students in the first clinical year.Internal medicine journal,47(2), 211-216. Doi: 10.1111/imj.13332 Liu, A. H., Gilsenan, A. W., Stanford, R. H., Lincourt, W., Ziemiecki, R., Ortega, H. (2010). Status of asthma control in pediatric primary care: results from the pediatric Asthma Control Characteristics and Prevalence Survey Study (ACCESS).The Journal of pediatrics,157(2), 276-281. Doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.02.017 Moore, W. C., Meyers, D. A., Wenzel, S. E., Teague, W. G., Li, H., Li, X., ... Gaston, B. (2010). Identification of asthma phenotypes using cluster analysis in the Severe Asthma Research Program.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine,181(4), 315-323. Doi: 10.1164/rccm.200906-0896oc Morse, R. B., Hall, M., Fieldston, E. S., McGwire, G., Anspacher, M., Sills, M. R., ... Shah, S. S. (2011). Hospital-level compliance with asthma care quality measures at children's hospitals and subsequent asthma-related outcomes.Jama,306(13), 1454-1460. Doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1385 Murphy, D. M., O'byrne, P. M. (2010). Recent advances in the pathophysiology of asthma.Chest,137(6), 1417-1426. Doi: 10.1378/chest.09-1895 Orihara, K., Dil, N., Anaparti, V., Moqbel, R. (2010). Whats new in asthma pathophysiology and immunopathology?.Expert review of respiratory medicine,4(5), 605-629. Doi: 10.1586/ers.10.57 Ozier, A., Allard, B., Bara, I., Girodet, P. O., Trian, T., Marthan, R., Berger, P. (2011). The pivotal role of airway smooth muscle in asthma pathophysiology.Journal of allergy,2011. Doi:10.1155/2011/742710 Papadopoulos, N. G., Arakawa, H., Carlsen, K. H., Custovic, A., Gern, J., Lemanske, R., ... Zar, H. (2012). International consensus on (ICON) pediatric asthma.Allergy,67(8), 976-997. Doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02865.x Petsky, H. L., Cates, C. J., Lasserson, T. J., Li, A. M., Turner, C., Kynaston, J. A., Chang, A. B. (2010). A systematic review and meta-analysis: tailoring asthma treatment on eosinophilic markers (exhaled nitric oxide or sputum eosinophils).Thorax, thx-2010. Doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-201712 Szefler, S. J. (2011). Advancing asthma care: the glass is only half full!.Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology,128(3), 485-494. Doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.07.010

Book Report On The Outsiders Essay Example For Students

Book Report On The Outsiders Essay Ponyboy Curtis Ponyboy is a fourteen-year-old member of a gang called the Greasers. His parents died in a car accident, so he lives alone with his two older brothers, Darry and Soda. He is a good student and athlete, but most people at school consider him a vagrant like his Greaser friends. Sodapop Curtis Soda is Ponys handsome, charming older brother. He dropped out of school to work at a gas station, and does not share his brothers interest in studying and sports. Darrel Curtis The oldest of the Curtis boys, Darry is also the acknowledged leader of the Greasers. Johnny Cade Johnny is Ponys closest friend and the gangs pet. They are especially protective of him since he is smaller than the rest, his father beats him, and he is afraid to walk the streets alone after being attacked by a group of Socs. Cherry Valance Cherry is from the richer part of town and associates mainly with the Socs, but she befriends Pony and the other Greasers and gives them information about the Socs. B ob Gardner Bob is Cherrys boyfriend. Johnny murders Bob to stop him from killing Pony. Dallas Winston A member of the Greasers, Dally has spent time in prison. He helps Johnny and Pony by telling them to go to Jay Mountain to hide out and by giving them money. Two-Bit Mathews The Greasers oldest member. He acts like a mentor or mascot to the Greasers. Steve Randle Sodas best friend and another member of the Greasers. The Outsiders is a coming-of-age story about a group of boys engaged in a dangerous feud with the wealthier residents of their town. The narrator, Ponyboy Curtis, is a teenager who lives alone with his two brothers. He is interested in academics and sports, but does not receive the same respect and treatment granted to the wealthier kids, who belong to a different gang called the Socs. Pony has long hair, which he greases; he knows that people consider him a juvenile delinquent based on his appearance. Pony is not content with his situation; he worries that his brother does not want to take care of him and constantly fears attacks by the Socs. Things get much worse, however, when he and his friend Johnny go to a park late at night. The Socs attack them there and dunk Ponys head in a fountain, long enough to make him unconscious and almost drown him. When he wakes up, he realizes that one of the Socs is dead, and that Johnny killed him. The two boys run away with the help of their friend Dally, who tells them to go to an abandoned church on Jay Mountain. They hide out for a week, and then Dally comes to find them. Johnny wants to go back to turn himself in, but as they head back to the church they see that it has caught fire. A group of schoolchildren is there on a field trip, and a few of the children remain locked inside the burning church. Pony and Johnny break the window and rescue the children as the fire spreads. Pony is able to climb back out, but Johnny is hit with a piece of falling timber and burned severely. The boys are written up as heroes in the newspaper, even though they are still wanted for murder. Johnny is badly injured and will never walk again, if he lives. Meanwhile the Greasers are scheduled to fight the Socs. The Greasers win the fight, and Dally and Pony go to the hospital to tell Johnny the good news. He dies during their visit. Dally runs off heatedly, and later calls Ponys house to say that he has robbed a store and is being chased by the police. They go to meet him, but watch him pull a gun on the cops and fall back and die as they fire at him. .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 , .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .postImageUrl , .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 , .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789:hover , .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789:visited , .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789:active { border:0!important; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789:active , .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789 .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u54bbe1dd4a90e664bde3b9808b8e5789:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History of Western Music EssayPony moves on with his life, after being acquitted in the Socs murder case. He is never the same, however, and the memories of past events still haunt him. Finally, as an assignment for English class, he writes down the story of what happened. The Outsiders is a story of rebellion, youth, and heroism. It focuses on an endless, senseless conflict between two groups of young people and the problems that result. Its main character, Ponyboy, watches his world slowly fall apart as the battle between the groups rages around him. The use of a first-person narrator gives the reader a sense of belonging to the greasers, encouraging sympathy for their struggle. Ponyboy is a strong, sensitive, intelligent young person who cares very deeply about his friends and brothers. He often faces danger, and what he wants most is a sense of security and stability. Instead, events spiral towards an inevitable tragedy, and Ponyboy must accept his own powerlessness. The Greasers are young men who refuse to accept the subordinate position that society has given them. The Socs mock the Greasers and the adults in town overlook them: rather than accept their status and live in peace with the wealthier citizens of town, the Greasers seek respect and rebellion. They are proud, strong-willed people who know they deserve better. The result is a life of constant conflict and ever-present danger. At the end of The Outsiders, Pony is transformed from greaser into a writer. He learns to express his resentment and anger through more creative means, no longer resorting to violence. He is able to share his story with an authority figure, his English teacher, who does not belong to his crowd. The universal message of The Outsiders is that peace can come through understanding, communication, and a willingness to move beyond violence to resolve conflicts. Bibliography:

ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURIES The Volleyball Match Has Been Goin

ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURIES The volleyball match has been going on for over an hour. Both teams have been trading points and side-outs. The ball is set high outside so that the big outside hitter can put the ball away. She comes in hard, plants, leaps into the air and smashes the ball down the line in a twisting motion. As she lands on her right leg, a POP is heard and down she goes. What has just happened is occurring more and more often in athletics, the athlete has just torn the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). In this paper I will describe ACL, how it is injured and diagnosed, how it be repaired and what is being done to prevent ACL injuries. The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is one of the two cruciate ligaments of the knee, the other being the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL). These ligaments are the stabilizers of the knee. The ACL is a strip of fibery tissue, which is located deep inside the knee joint. It runs from the posterior side of the femur (thigh bone) to the anterior side of the tibia (shin bone) deep inside of the knee. The ligament is a broad, thick cord the size of a person's index finger. It has long collagen strands woven together in a fashion that permits forces of up to 500 pounds to be exerted. The function of the ACL is to prevent the tibia from moving in front of the knee and femur. The ACL also prevents hyperextension (or extreme stretching of the knee backward) and helps to prevent rotation of the tibia. The amount of knee ligament injuries have been on the rise in recent years. Over the last 15 years, ankle sprains have decreased by 86% and tibia fractures by 88%, but knee ligament injuries have increased by 172%. The injury usually occurs in either a slow twisting fall, a sudden hyperextension, or a sudden hyperflexion as when landing from jumping. When the injury occurs the athlete usually hears a "pop" and they will have immediate swelling of the knee. When the person tries to put weight on the leg it will feel like the knee isn't underneath the athlete. With most injuries the type of movement will help to determine the injury: "I twisted to the right." etc. When ACL injuries occur there is a "popping" sound at the time of injury and swelling within six hours. An experienced clinician can diagnose an ACL tear with relative accuracy by a manual examination. X-ray examination and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is also used in diagnosing ACL injuries. The knee joint will be instable and the athlete will have joint pain on the inner (medial) side of the knee. Doctors or trainers can use three different types of physical examinations: Lachman's test, Anterior drawer test and Pivot shift test of MacIntosh. Lachman's test is performed by having the athlete lie on his/her back, then passively flexing the knee of the athlete to between 20 degrees and 30 degrees. Make sure that the hamstring is relaxed or it can produce a false test result. Holding the lower part of the athlete's thigh in one hand and the upper part of the athlete's calf in the other, slowly pull the tibia forward. Increased looseness in the knee joint is indicative of an ACL injury. During the Anterior drawer test the athlete lies on his/her back with the knee bent to 90 degrees and the foot resting on the table. Stabilizing the foot either by sitting on it or having someone else hold it down, the doctor will place his/her hands around the upper part of the calf with thumbs on the end of the thigh bone (tibal condyles), slowly appling pressure on the posterior side of the proximal tibia. Any looseness in the joint could indicate ACL injury. The Pivot shift test of MacIntosh is done by having the athlete lay on his/her back. The foot of the injured side is lifted with the leg straight and the foot turned inward. Pressure is applied to the outside of the knee while the knee joint is slowly bent. An ACL injury is detected if the tibia moves

Overcoming in Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays

Overcoming in Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays Overcoming in Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Overcoming in Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Essay Topic: Their Eyes Were Watching God â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† follows the story of Janie Crawford as she follows her dream of finding true love. The story starts off when Janie returns to her home in Eatonville, Florida. As soon as she is spotted she is the talk of all the gossip in town. Her friend Phoebe, who she has not seen for a while runs to meet her and tells Janie that everyone is talking about how she left looking very nice and rich and comes back dressed in dirty overalls. Everyone in town speculates that the guy she left with, Teacake, has used her for her money and has left her. Janie decides Phoebe to tell her the story of the past twenty years of her life. Janie’s story starts off when she was a little girl living with her grandmother, Nanny. She lives with Nanny because Janies mother left the house after she was raped by a white man. One day Nanny catches Janie getting a kissed from a neighboring teenager and Nanny feels that Janie has grown to be a woman. Nanny knows she is very old and will probably die soon and doesnt want Janie to need anything or to struggle after her death. Nanny decided to arrange a marriage between Janie and a rich white man Logan Killicks and Janie quickly is disgusted by the idea. Nevertheless, Janie accepts for the sake of her grandmothers happiness and believes that overtime, she will fall in love with Killicks. Janie wants a marriage where she truly loves her husband, and her husband makes her feel loved, cares about her opinions, and is treated as an equal but she doesnt find this in the marriage with Killicks. One day when Logan is away, Janie meets Joe Starks, a well dressed man with big dreams. Soon Joe starts filling young Janie’s mind with high hopes and big dreams and Janie decides to run away with him. Joe and Janie move to Eatonville, Florida where there is hardly anything and Joe builds a town from the ground up. He is then pronounced mayor and is very demanding towards others. He becomes very posses

Canterbury Television Building Collapse Assignment

Canterbury Television Building Collapse - Assignment Example vely under-productive for the first 5 months until February 22, 2011, when an aftershock occurred 7 km northwest of the city of Christchurch and caused 185 deaths and over 7,000 injuries. A major part of the 185 confirmed deaths are due to the collapse of the mid-rise reinforced concrete (RC) office building in the CBD known as Canterbury Television Building (CTV). 75% of the occupants in this 6 storey building died. 2. Analysis of Case Study This is a report on the key role players and stake holders in the Canterbury Television Building (CTV) collapse incident. The report concludes with conclusions and recommendations. 2.1 Key Role Players The following is a list of persons/institutions that played a pivotal role in the creation of the CTV building. 2.1.1 Consulting Engineer Mr. Reay, the Consulting Engineer, should have paid more attention to the work that was undertaken viz. the construction of the CTV building. Though he had high academic qualifications he did not spend reasonabl e time in the project i.e. he had a hands-off approach to it. 2.1.2 Structural Engineers Mr. Henry and Mr. Harding were employed by Mr. Reay in the capacity of structural engineers. Mr. Reay wanted them to design medium height multi-storeyed buildings. Mr. Henry was with Mr. Reay for a year, whereas Mr. Harding had two stints with Mr. Reay. 2.1.3 Structural Draughts men Many draughtsmen worked on preparing structural drawings for the CTV building project. After the engineer made the architectural drawings, the draughtsmen worked out the dimensions. 2.1.4 Deputy Building Engineer - 1 Mr. Graeme Tapper, was the deputy building engineer for Christchurch City Council (CCC). He raised the structural issue of the connection of the floors (diaphragms) to the north wall complex with Mr. Reay’s... This is a report on the key role players and stake holders in the Canterbury Television Building (CTV) collapse incident. The report concludes with conclusions and recommendations. The following is a list of persons/institutions that played a pivotal role in the creation of the CTV building. Mr. Reay, the Consulting Engineer, should have paid more attention to the work that was undertaken viz. the construction of the CTV building. Though he had high academic qualifications he did not spend reasonable time in the project i.e. he had a hands-off approach to it.Mr. Henry and Mr. Harding were employed by Mr. Reay in the capacity of structural engineers. Mr. Reay wanted them to design medium height multi-storeyed buildings. Mr. Henry was with Mr. Reay for a year, whereas Mr. Harding had two stints with Mr. Reay. Many draughtsmen worked on preparing structural drawings for the CTV building project. After the engineer made the architectural drawings, the draughtsmen worked out the dimension s. Mr. Graeme Tapper, was the deputy building engineer for Christchurch City Council (CCC). He raised the structural issue of the connection of the floors (diaphragms) to the north wall complex with Mr. Reay’s firm. Mr. Bryan Bluck was the building engineer for CCC at the time of the CTV Building. Reay convinced him that Tapper’s objections (see 2.1.4) were unfounded. Tapper was asked to sign on the design at Bluck’s behest. As found in the Summary and Recommendations in Volumes 5-7 & Section 6: Technical discussions on structure, Mr. Leo O’ Loughlin was the building inspector for CCC in the central city area at that time. He received the building permit application for the construction of the CTV building. He would check the documents provided with the application for missing information. He would also review parts of plans for legal compliance.

Social Media Use and Application of the Company Assignment

Social Media Use and Application of the Company - Assignment Example As the report declares Huawei Company has a Face book page under its name. The advancement of technology has made more people to like Facebook.This site contains most of the target audience group for the company products. Most of the youths are vibrant with new products often want to be updated with the latest phones in the market so that they can purchase. The site has enabled the awareness of the products to be high. This is measured by the likes of the products in the face book page. Recently Huawei Face book page recorded about one and half million likes on the facebook.It has more followers who may want to know the presence of new products. According to the report findings the company also uses YouTube to advertise its products. The platform is used to advertise the three dimension of the product. It is also used to show the customers how to use the product and how their latest features function. This has raised the customers loyalty at a greater extends. This content marketing ensures that the customers are able to get to see the actual products and features like colors and functionality. This influences their desire to buy the products significantly when they see the product. The company has recorded a significant rise of the download of the short clips of the latest phones. This is because the platform enables the customer to share the videos of the products to other customers and therefore more products awareness and thus increased sales.

Comparison of Stieglitz and Jacob Riis photography style Essay

Comparison of Stieglitz and Jacob Riis photography style - Essay Example This essay  «Comparison of Stieglitz and Jacob Riis photography style » outlines and compares the works and heritage of this two talented photographs. Dubbed as the â€Å"Patron Saint of Straight Photography†, Alfred Stieglitz (January 1, 1864 – July 13, 1946) began earnest photography in 1883 and from the very beginning was against the idea of manipulation of any sort in the photographs that, to him, meant capturing life completely as it is. He is most famously noted for his promotion of photography as a complete art form in itself. Through 1892 and onwards, Stieglitz became considerable famous for his photographs of the every day life of New York and Paris. He was one of those people who were able to see the transformation of New York City from one of considerable poverty to one that rose as a symbol of the modern world. His photographs have captured the essence of both eras and follow the transformation of the larva into the butterfly. His one famous photograph is â€Å"The Terminal† which he took from the 4x5, which was, unlike the 8x10 camera not considered for professional purposes. However, due to his greater freedom of carrying the camera and talking photographs without a tripod, he was able to take as many photographs as he wanted through much greater ease. Using all natural elements such as the smoke and the ice, he softens the fame and presents his sober mood through the medium. All the faceless subjects of the photograph present what came to be recognized as his pioneering faculties in the field of straight photography.

Companies That Use Flexitime And The Benefits Experience Management Essay

Companies That Use Flexitime And The Benefits Experience Management Essay There are many challenges today within the workplace facing human resources management and how people are managed. The business climate has been turbulent such as the global recession, competition in pricing as well as laws concerning employment strengthening the case for new initiatives to be enforced. As a result, the human resources management team have provided a booklet on issues concerning the benefits and drawbacks of four key subject areas such as the graduate assessment centres, absenteeism through a punitive approach, performance related pay and flexitime as a flexible working option. This will also include facts and figures illustrating the importance of each topic as well as defining key areas in order for MW Associates to make a decision about how to deal with these HR issues when they establish their new leisure operation. What is Flexible Working? Flexible working can be and has been defined in variety of different ways. For example according to CIPD Factsheet (2010) flexible working is described as working arrangements between the employee and their employer in terms of working time and working patterns. Flexible working has also been defined as the ability a company can employ people when and where required in the interest of everyone Pettinger (2002, p5). Flexitime Flexitime working arrangement is an arrangement that allows employees to choose the start and finish times they wish to work, according to the given parameters. The working arrangement of flexitime being offered to employees began in the 1970s and was mostly common in the public sector according to IRS (2007). According the IRS survey of 2007 on flexitime and other working arrangements, organisations where men make up 60% of the workforce are much more likely to offer their employees flexitime arrangements to those with either with other genders. It is suggested that in order for a flexitime arrangement to work it will rely on the goodwill and trust, as well as good monitoring and good management (XpertHR professional, 2005). Companies that use flexitime and the Benefits experience BT British Telecommunications (BT) is one of UK most known and recognised brand, and is also known for providing product and services in over 170countries worldwide (BT, 2010). BT is also one of the UK leading companies in providing employees the options of flexible working arrangements such as flexitime. A report by the Family Friendly Working Hour Taskforce of 2009 found out that BT retention of their employees improved with the percentage(over the last five years)of its UK female employees returning to work after taking maternity leave reached 90.99%, saving the company  £5million a year in recruitments and inductions (Family Friendly Working Hour Taskforce, 2009). City Sightseeing Glasgow City Sightseeing Glasgow is another company that found the benefits of providing their workforce flexitime as a form of working arrangement, twice a year in the summer and winter season. The imitative was originally for older employee who wanted to reduce or change their working pattern, however due to the success of the initiative the company expand it to the entire workforce. The company saw absenteeism levels drop, retention rate increase to 90-95% and expand their recruitment market among students and women want to return to work (Family Friendly Working Hour Taskforce, 2009). LillyUK A Human Resource Management International Digest article (2005) highlighted that LillyUK one of the worlds largest research-based pharmaceutical companies, has been making flexible working arrangements available to their employee since 1996. The article reports that one of the working arrangements that Lilly offers to their employees is flexitime, and since the introduction of the arrangement the company had noticed they were able to attract more high-caliber recruits by 30%. Other forms of Flexible Working Arrangements The graph below illustrates the finding of IRS survey (2010) of the forms of flexible working arrangements, and their popularity with organisations. The Graph above shows the forms of flexible working arrangement that companies offered in 2009 and as shown part time working was the preferred method of arrangement with 93%, and with flexitime with 54%. Pros and Cons of Flexible working Arrangements CONS PRO Social factors are sources of disadvantage, working suffering from isolation and not feeling part of an organisation. Foot (2005.p183). Workers on flexible contracts tend to be more emotionally engaged, more satisfied with their work, more likely to speak positively about their organisation and less likely to quit. (CIPD,2010) A flexible workforce is harder to manage and impose higher administrative costs in areas such as recruitment. Hendry(1995.p401) Provides a pool of staff that can be called upon to work at short notice. (IRS, 2009) The company may have difficulty of maintaining staff development and upgrading skills. (Businesslink, 2010) Enables employees to achieve a better work-life balance.  (CIPD,2010) The Potential Drawbacks and Challenges presented should MW Associates choose to implement Flexible Working Arrangement In order for MW Associates to implement flexible working arrangement such as flexitime within their organisation they would have to overcome the challenges that would be presented to them, this could come in the form of line managers being reluctant to accept flexible working arrangement. Flexible working arrangements may have affect communications between line managers and employees, so it would important for MW Associates ensure that they establish a clear process for how flexible working works in  the organisation. CIPD, 2010 Performance Related Pay- The Benefits and Challenges According to Foot and Hook (2008) performance related pay is a term that is closely linked with relationship between an individuals pay progressions to his or her level of competence. It seeks to be a tool for motivation. This pay scheme is now popular in many organisations since being introduced in the 1980s, according to MW Gilman (1998) the average proportion of employees covered by an organisations IPRP scheme to be in the range of 70%- 80%, suggesting that this is the most beneficial way to get people to work to their best. Though, the CIPD recent reward management report (2009) again records the popularity of individual based bonuses and incentive plans at 61% as the highest way to reward its employees. Companies/ Sectors that use PRP and the Benefits experienced Chelsea Football Club- Supervisors are encouraged to reward staff who work exceptionally well and go the extra mile each game with a star, this is an extra  £15.00 on top of the basic pay. This is very beneficial for the company as some employees will perform better than others in order to get the extra reward, therefore the company will get the best output possible out of their employees. Staffs do what is asked of them when asked to do so. People are only working hard because they know there is a possibility of a reward, not because they want to or is required as part of the job. The Pros The Cons The reward will motivate some staff to work harder. Supervisors can be bias without realising and the reward to friends or the same people. If the same people are getting the reward consistently, the organisation will recognise this and it will give them an idea of who to promote. Although you get an extra  £15.00, for those who get taxed it doesnt make much of a difference as it is taken in tax. (Primary Research, Samantha Koranteng, 2010) NHS Consultants- Clinical Excellence Awards The ACCEA (Advisory Committee on Clinical Excellence Awards) give Clinical Excellence Awards to recognise and reward the exceptional contribution of NHS Consultants who work over and above that normally expected in the job to the values and goals of the NHS and to patients care. The Cons The Pros The committee offers 3 bands, Bronze, Silver and Gold this is good because it makes it more accessible and highlights a good range that consultants can reach, in effect it makes it fairer. The fact that you have to apply for it suggests that its not an automatic recognition, the long process and stages may deter qualified candidates from applying. Consultants can apply for the scheme on their own behalf so the scheme can have a large volume of applicants. (Department of Health, 2010) Local Education Authorities-Teachers In teaching there are pay scales that are dependent on performance, provided performance is satisfactory the teachers pay will go up a grade, once on the highest grade through recommendation they can move up to a higher grade. Teachers may become too target orientated and forget that there job is to educate. This can identify teachers that are unsatisfactory and training can be provided to make them to the standard The Pros The Cons (Christine Blower, acting NUT general secretary. May 2008) The Potential Drawbacks and Challenges presented should MW Associates choose to implement such HR Approaches MW Associates should pose a policy whereby employees know they have security of their earnings and a contract that states there is a minimum level or fall back rate, this will not be difficult to do however MW Associates need to highlight how much employees will gain after they have exceeded the standard or basic level of work asked for. The organisation also needs to clearly devise a method of analysis that can fairly and ethically distinguish between the better performances of one employee to another. Alternatively they could introduce a bonus scheme where the incentives are non monetary, they could offer days off work, paid holidays or organised staff social gatherings. Managing absence through a `punitive approach` is this effective and what are the alternatives? Absence can be seen as a problem to many organisations with short term absence being largely unprepared compared to long term absence. Although, many organisations use appraisals with regards to performance management in helping employees develop and learn more about the business in order to prevent absenteeism. According to NSW Nurses Association (2010), absenteeism can be defined as when an employee is constantly or continuously failing to attend work as scheduled, in particular, when their absence forms a pattern which suggests that the employee is dissatisfied with their work or that their absence could have been avoided. Absenteeism can be also considered grounds for dismissal according to Redgoldfish, (2010). It is important to manage absence because of the loss of money concerning indirect costs such as the replacement of staff, loss of labour and production as well as costs to the business regarding its reputation. These are just some of the factors in why management of absen ce is important. Forms of Short -Term Long term Absence Short- term Absence Long term Absence According to (Travel Trade Recruitment, 2009) being more and more persistent time off work According to (Visual Human Resources 2009) definition long term sickness absence here is any absence lasting more than ten consecutive days. Unauthorised absence for any reason Consultation with the employee Lateness An assessment of alternative employment being offered (e.g. reduction hrs, home based Sickness / injury Medical investigation into sickness Facts Figures / Costs of absence Short term absence is harder to manage because it is largely unplanned. There are many factors involved concerning absence this can be seen as health problems such as smoking, heart disease or a good night out unable to get up to attend work the next day. Factors such as stress or the responsibility of bringing up children as well transportation far away from your place of work can be seen as absence related. The psychological contract (Guest, 2002) is related to absence for example, this can be seen as a psychological contract which may be imprinted inside the employees or employers head rather than an actual contract. For example, the employee could punish the employer by not attending work because they are unhappy with the organisation. In any case managing absence is an important factor now as sickness absence costs UK employers 11.6 billion a year according to People Management (2010). Many organisations lose much capital having to replace staff, loss of labour and production, poor customer service, as well low morale and bad reputation. However, (CIPD, 2009) review short-term absence shows that many companies are implementing return-to-work interviews (83% of organisations), followed by trigger systems to review attendance (74%), and the provision of sickness absence information to line managers (73%) and the use of disciplinary procedures (73%). Another key way to manage absence is through accurate measurement and monitoring so that the organisations can make an assessment to tackle any problems they may have. However, the Bradford factor is like a calculator and has helped reduce absenteeism by 20% such as creating triggers whereby action is taken. The average number of days absent per employee, per year is 6.5 days with average cost of absence each employee per year is  £754.00 (Bradford factor, 2010). Punitive approach The punitive approach in dealing with absence is about teaching employees discipline. This can be seen as lateness, authorized absence and behaviour. It is like having a parent to nurture the employee and to learn respect, compassion as well as taking responsibility. This can be seen as the harsh approach such as reduced pay through absence by using discipline. Other factors such as performance feedback can be used, corrective actions and effective communication. PROS CONS Clear about what is expected Few opportunities for progression Can identify when someone needs help Ineffective management Support employees make the work interesting Monotonous jobs The Council / Local Boroughs Policies are more generous with regards to absence compared to the private sector. Although most absence is short term there is criticism for the high level of sick leave from council staff. The procedure of conducting back to work interviews has now been implemented across the board (Nutt, 2009). DVLA This can be seen again in the public sector with many taking duvet days those feeling hung over or unable to face a days work. However, a punitive approach is taken concerning the official term for this form of leave, then deducted from the employees holiday entitlement (Watts, 2007). Tesco As a private organisation as big as this seen as one of Britains biggest retailer they have introduced no pay for the first three days off sick, not to penalise people being ill but to discourage those taking the odd day (Ryle, 2004). The Potential Drawbacks and Challenges presented should MW Associates choose to implement In order to manage absence it can be suggested that MW associates implement the encouragement of team work which will lead to more commitment within the working environment working as a team. To make the tasks more interesting as well as training and good management control procedures with the odd reward for attendance. What is a Graduate Assessment Centres? According to Colman (2010) Assessment Centers is defined as a variety of testing techniques designed to allow candidates to demonstrate, under standardized conditions, the skills and abilities that are most essential for success in a given job(Coleman, 2010, p.3). The assessment centre approach involves using a battery or range of selection tolls that simulate the relevant attributes, skills and competencies required in the job. (Peter et al, 2004, p.95). Type of Activities used in Assessment centres There are many types of activities are being used in assessment centres depending on the company. But the core ones which are generally used include; In-basket exercises, leaderless group discussion, role-playing, behavioural interview. (George Scott, 2010, p.204). The IRS survey (2009/10) identified assessment centre is the most effective selection method. In the year 2010 almost 75% of graduate recruiters rate assessment centres as their single most effective selection method. The use of assessment centre rises from 52.7% to 95.2%. (IRS survey,2010) How effective are your organizations assessment centres in identifying the best candidate(s) for a position? Very effective 47 Fairly effective 48 Fairly ineffective 4 Very ineffective (source: IRS survey) Reliability Validity The key issues in an assessment centre are the reliability and validity as similar test are administered to the same person on two separate occasions the results could be very similar unless something has changed the individual. The reliability of assessment centre is much greater than single interview. (Peter et al, 2004, p.95). Validity that shows the extent to which the test is providing useful information related to the job. There are five types of validity; face validity predictive validity, concurrent validity, construct validity, content validity. (Peter et al, 2004, p.95).The table bellow suggests that assessment centres are the most effective method of selection, predicting effectively how a candidate is likely to perform in a job approaching 70 per cent of the time.( Derek et al, 2009. P.94) The table of selection method and predictive validity Selection Method Predictive Validity Usage (%)* Assessment centre 0.68 47 Structured interviews 0.62 88 Work samples 0.55 80 Ability test 0.54 72 Personality questionnaires 0.38 56 Unstructured interviews 0.31 92

Triangle Fire 1911 Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Triangle Fire of 1911   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Near closing time on Saturday afternoon, March 25, 1911, in New York City a fire broke out on the top floors of the Asch Building in the Triangle Shirtwaist Company. One of the worst tragedies in American history it is known as the â€Å"Triangle Shirtwaist Fire†. It was a disaster that took the lives of 146 workers, most of which were women. This tragedy pointed out the negatives of sweatshop conditions of the industrialization era. It emphasized the worst part of its times the low wages, long hours, and unsanitary working conditions were what symbolized what sweatshops were all about. These conditions were appalling, and no person should ever be made to work in these conditions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sweatshops were originally set up to produce a large quantity of mostly clothing items, with cheap labor wages for its workers. Sweatshops more often than not were cramped buildings with few windows or fans. The people who worked in these sweat shops rarely received breaks, and would on average 10-12 hours a day, seven days a week. The places were so unsanitary many did not have proper plumbing facilities to accommodate all those who worked there, and no way of cleaning or bandaging a cut or wound if injured on the job. Although these were the common standards of sweatshops the Asch Building, where the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory was located was a very large building, with nine floors. This building was large but cramped due to all the workers, material and machines. Every inch of viable space was used to put either a machine, material or another worker.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sadie Frowne, a swear shop worker from New York City stated â€Å"The machines go like mad all day because the faster you work the more money you get. Sometimes in my haste I get my finger caught and the needle goes right through it. It goes so quick, though, that it does not hurt much. I bind the finger up with a piece of cotton and go on working†. This was the mind set of most of the workers in the sweatshops. They hated their job and long hours but as long as they worked the money, as little as it may be, still came in.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most sweat shops were employers of immigrant’s, men children, and women. Women were especially employed at the Triangle shirtwaist factory, because it was easy to persuade wo... ...  In comparison with the Triangle Fire in 1911, the Rhode Island nightclub fire has a few similarities. Just like sweatshops, night clubs are often times over crowded and do not have enough fire exits to satisfy the overcrowding that takes place in nightclubs. Just as a miss thrown match caused the sweatshop fire, a miss thrown match in a night club could cause the same catastrophic event. In theory the number of smokers in an overcrowded night club often times outnumber non smokers, which could very well cause an unwanted fire that leads to a tragedy. Bibliography Famous Trials. The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire Trial 1911. (website).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/triangle/trianglefire.html The Triangle Factory Fire By: Cornell University ILR School (website). http://www.irl.cornell.edu/trianglefire/ U.S. Fire Administration/National Fire Data Center. Nightclub Fires in 2000. (PDF File). http://www.emergency-management.net/pdf/FemaResearchNightclubFires2000.pdf   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Class Test on Micro Economics Essay

i) All questions in this section are compulsory ii) Marks for questions are indicated against each iii) Answers for very short answer questions carrying 1 mark must be answered in ONE sentence each iv) Answers for short answer questions carrying 3 marks each should not normally exceed 60 words v) Answers for short answer questions carrying 4 marks each should normally not exceed 70 words vi) Answers for long answer questions carrying 6 marks each should not normally exceed 100 words each. vii) Answers should be brief and to the point – The above word limits should be adhered to as far as possible. 1. Name the characteristic which make monopolistic competition different from perfect competition[1] 2. Why is demand for water inelastic?[1] 3. State one feature of oligopoly[1] 4. In which market form is the demand perfectly inelastic?[1] 5. Distinguish between increase in demand and increase in quantity demanded[3] 6. Goods X and Y are substitutes. Explain the effect of a fall in price of Y on the demand for X.[3] 7. At a price of Rs. 5 per unit of a commodity A, total revenue is Rs 800. When its price rises by 20%, total revenue increases by Rs. 400. Calculate its rice elasticity of demand[3] 8. Explain the implication of freedom to entry and exit of firms under perfect competition[3] 9. Given below is the cost schedule of a firm. Its average fixed cost is Rs 20 When it is producing 3 units. |Output |1 |2 |3 | |Average Variable cost (Rs.) |30 |28 |32 | Calculate its marginal cost and average total cost at each given level of output.[3] 10 Explain the features of â€Å"What to produce† OR Explain any two main features of centrally planned economy.[4] 12. When the price of a commodity falls by Rs. 2 per unit, its quantity demanded increases by 10 units. Its price elasticity is (-)1. Calculate its quantity demanded on its equilibrium price.[4] 13. Explain the effect of increase in income of buyers of a normal commodity on its equilibrium price.[4] 14. State whether the following statements are true or false: Give reasons for your answer (a) When total revenue is constant, average revenue will be constant. (b) Average variable cost can fall even when marginal product is rising (c) When marginal product falls, average product will also fall.[6] 15. Explain the law of variable proportions with the help of total and marginal product curves. [6] 16 Explain producers equilibrium with the help of a marginal cost and marginal revenue schedule [6]

Term Papers for Sale

Term Papers for Sale Term Papers for Sale Term Papers for Sale There are two types of term papers for sale. First, there are pre-written term papers for sale. These papers can be bought by any student and nobody will give you a refund if the paper does not fit your topic. Second, there are term papers for sale written by professional writers from scratch but at lower price. offers the second type of term papers for sale. Custom term papers are original and written to meet the specifics of your topic and requirements.In addition, our writers have prepared an excellent and absolutely free blog with tips on term paper writing. Term Papers Example A good part of the explanation of the decline of fertility since 1960 can be viewed as a kind of demographic backlash to the baby boom. Those women who had their children early in marriage during the preceding decade or so achieved their family-size goals sooner than they would have otherwise and consequently contributed fewer births to the sixties than they might have. The process is not unlike an accordion which was compressed at the beginning and stretched out subsequently. In addition, their younger sisters who have been marrying during this past decade are simply having fewer births at least during their early years of marriage. Women aged 20-24 in 1969 had 40 percent fewer children than women in that age group in 1960. Perhaps these births are being postponed and will occur later. Whether later will mean fewer will have to be seen. As of 1965 there was little hard evidence that the young women of the sixties wanted and intended to have fewer children than their older sisters who married after the war and during the fifties. The average number of children expected by married women has not varied much between 1955 and 1965. But our guess is that having fewer births in the early years of childbearing will mean a total of fewer later and that today's younger married couples will end up with smaller families. It should be emphasized however that there is yet no firm basis for predicting a return to the low of 2.3 children recorded by the women now in their late fifties and early sixties. Women 25 to 29 years old in January of 1969 had an average of 1.9 children compared with an average of 2.1 children for women this age in 1965 and 2.0 in 1960. As the professional staff of the Census Bureau indicates, the decline since 1965 in the cumulative fertility of women 25 to 29 is of special interest because women of that age are far enough along in their childbearing to conclude that women currently of this age most likely will reach age 45 or the end of childbearing with fewer children than the women who were 35-39 years old in 1969. They go on to forecast a probable completed fertility of 2.8 for this cohort. There is some evidence that families smaller than this might be preferred if we can trust the extent of reported unwanted fertility. That a group of women did achieve a family size close to replacement (an average of about 2.1 children is required to insure the same population in the next generation) several decades ago when contraceptive techniques were less sophisticated than even today's unsatisfactory variety is compelling testimony to the fact that lower fertility is attainable even without a revolution in contraceptive technology. The experience of many western European countries also testifies to this capability. Term Papers Custom Writing Service Term papers for sale are much cheaper than custom paper writing service. Nevertheless, we decided to make custom term paper writing affordable.& Thus, today you can take full advantage of professional custom paper writing service at the lowest possible price! No plagiarism!

Spanish Vocabulary for Lent, Holy Week, and Easter

Spanish Vocabulary for Lent, Holy Week, and Easter Easter is the most widely and ardently celebrated holiday in most of the Spanish-speaking world - even bigger than Christmas -   and Lent is observed nearly everywhere. The week before Easter, known as Santa Semana, is a vacation week in Spain and most of Latin America, and in some areas, the vacation period extends to the following week. Thanks to their strong Roman Catholic heritage, most countries celebrate Holy Week by emphasizing the events leading up to the death of Jesus (Jesà ºs or Jesucristo), often with large processions, with Easter set aside for family gatherings and/or carnival-like celebrations. Words and Phrases As you learn about Easter - or, if youre fortunate, travel to where its celebrated - in Spanish, here are some words and phrases youll want to know. el carnival - Carnival, a celebration that takes place in the days immediately preceding Lent. Carnivals in Latin America and Spain are usually organized locally and last several days. la cofradà ­a - a brotherhood associated with a Catholic parish. In many communities, such brotherhoods have organized Holy Week observances for centuries. la Crucifixià ³n - the Crucifixion. la Cuaresma - Lent. The word is related to cuarenta, the number 40, for the 40 days of fasting and prayer (Sundays not included) that take place during the period. It is often observed through various kinds of self-denial. el Domingo de Pascua - Easter Sunday. Other names for the day include Domingo de Gloria, Domingo de Pascua, Domingo de Resurreccià ³n, and Pascua Florida. el Domingo de Ramos - Palm Sunday, the Sunday before Easter. It commemorates the arrival of Jesus in Jerusalem five days before his death. (A ramo in this context is a tree branch or a bunch of palm fronds.) la Fiesta de Judas - a ceremony in parts of Latin America, usually held the day before Easter, in which an effigy of Judas, who betrayed Jesus, is hung, burned, or otherwise mistreated. la Fiesta del Cuasimodo - a celebration held in Chile the Sunday after Easter. los huevos de Pascua - Easter eggs. In some areas, painted or chocolate eggs are part of the Easter celebration. They are not associated with the Easter bunny in Spanish-speaking countries. el Jueves Santo - Maundy Thursday, the Thursday before Easter. It commemorates the Last Supper. el Lunes de Pascua - Easter Monday, the day after Easter. It is a legal holiday in several Spanish-speaking countries. el Martes de Carnaval - Mardi Gras, the last day before Lent. el Mià ©rcoles de Ceniza - Ash Wednesday, the first day of Lent. The main Ash Wednesday ritual involves having ashes imposed on ones forehead in the shape of a cross during Mass. el mona de Pascua - a type of Easter pastry eaten primarily in the Mediterranean areas of Spain. la Pascua de Resurreccià ³n - Easter. Usually, Pascua stands by itself as the word used most often to refer to Easter. Coming from the Hebrew pesah, the word for Passover, pascua can refer to almost any holy day, usually in phrases such as Pascua judà ­a (Passover) and Pascua de la Natividad (Christmas). el paso - an elaborate float that is carried in Holy Week processions in some areas. The pasos typically carry representations of the Crucifixion or other events in the Holy Week story. la Resurreccià ³n - the Resurrection. la rosca de Pascua - a ring-shaped cake that is part of the Easter celebration in some areas, especially Argentina. el Sbado de Gloria - Holy Saturday, the day before Easter. It is also called Sbado Santo. la Santa Cena - The Last Supper. It is also known as la Última Cena. la Santa Semana - Holy Week, the eight days that begin with Palm Sunday and end with Easter. el và ­a crucis - This phrase from Latin, sometimes spelled as viacrucis, refers to any of the 14 Stations of the Cross (Estaciones de la Cruz) representing the stages of Jesus walk (sometimes called la Và ­a Dolorosa) to Calvary, where he was crucified. It is common for that walk to be re-enacted on Good Friday. (Note that và ­a crucis is masculine even though và ­a by itself is feminine.) el Viernes de Dolores - Friday of Sorrows, also known as Viernes de Pasià ³n. The day to recognize the suffering of Mary, the mother of Jesus, is observed one week before Good Friday. In some areas, this day is recognized as the start of Holy Week. Pasià ³n here refers to suffering just as passion can in a liturgical context.

Usability Engineering Quantitative Analysis Assignment

Usability Engineering Quantitative Analysis - Assignment Example The fields that were selected were: What did you read? , what was the reading medium? , what was the reason for reading? , what was your native language? , How old are you? And do you know any other languages? The data on gender in regard to whether one was male or female was deemed to be unsuitable for analysis since the number of males exceeds that of females by a far large margin. The missing data was filled using the results from the frequency distribution tables for the selected data and the redundancy that existed in the dataset was removed. Some fields such as the use of lectures notes was merged with paperwork and the use of slides was merged with the use of lecture slides. Data about websites was combined under the umbrella of websites. The descriptive statistics for the selected fields were computed as shown in the table below Through analysis of the statistics obtained in the table above, it emerged that the question of what was most read by the respondents was obtained through the mode. 128 people were determined to have read their emails. The laptop was found to be the most commonly used medium. A total of 380 respondents indicated that they had used their laptops to read. Most of the respondents indicated that English was their native language. The number of persons who were determined to have indicated that English was their native language was 72. The highest number of respondents also indicated that they were 25 years of age or younger as compared to those who were over 25 years old. The highest number of the respondents also indicated that they had knowledge of more than one language compared to those who were unilingual. This narrows down to 1.29 % using e readers while 12.56 % used papers as a media. These results from the sample population indicate that the people prefer to use the traditional medium of communication as compared to the modern media. A further analysis of the data on the media used

Argument of evaluation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Argument of evaluation - Assignment Example when he should have enjoyed his retirement) and the circumstances under which Reagan conducted his presidency, it is clear how great his influence was, which is still felt today, which most people do not know but which everybody somehow benefited. All previous presidents will be evaluated on how good they were on both domestic and international affairs. On the domestic side, issues like the economy, employment, taxes, and governance will be used as criteria to measure their achievements. On the international front, the main criteria to be used will be conduct of foreign policy and international agenda like globalization, trade issues, and foreign wars (whether limited wars or proxy wars). President Ronald Reagan will be compared to the other great presidents in terms of his accomplishments, how he measures up against public opinion polls, how all other foreign governments view his administration, the long-term effects of his actions while in office, and how history will probably judge him, even in the years to come. An example of his enduring legacy is the adoption of the word â€Å"Reaganomics† which means lowered taxes and less of the government interference in business (Dunn 51) and in peoples lives, and a strong

ADHD and teacher knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ADHD and teacher knowledge - Essay Example The most common of which is Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), or its derivative, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Such disorders cause students to be disruptive in class and behave in ways that would greatly affect teacher performance. This study is an attempt to investigate the current status of teachers knowledge of AD/HD? How does their knowledge impact their ability to work with their students? How does teacher efficacy relate to student outcomes? In reviewing the literature on teacher knowledge, it is hypothesized that teachers of regular children easily suspect inattentive and disruptive children as having ADHD. â€Å"Teacher ratings are often utilized because teachers have the opportunity to observe children in different school settings for long periods of time. One difficulty with utilizing teacher reports is that they tend to identify a higher proportion than the 3%–5% suggested in DSM–IV. For example, as many as 15% of the sample in one study would have been labeled ADHD by teachers (Weiler et al., 1999). Glass and Wegar also (2000) found that teachers identified 6% to 15% of students as having ADHD.† (Havey, Olson, McCormick and Cates, 2005). This paper likewise explores the reasons for such discrepancies. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity (American Psychological Association. APA. 2000). It is complex syndrome of impairments related to the development of brain cognitive management systems or executive functions. It affects a person’s organization skills, concentration, focus and prolonged attention on a task, processing speed, short-term working memory and access recall, sustained motivation to work and the appropriate management of emotions. Brown (2007) has enumerated the executive functions of the brain that work together in various combinations as

Myostatin Boy Essay Example for Free

Myostatin Boy Essay Many scientists believe the find could eventually lead to drugs for treating eople with muscular dystrophy and other muscle-destroying conditions. And athletes would almost surely want to get their hands on such a drug and use it like steroids to bulk up. The boys mutant DNA segment was found to block production of a protein called myostatin that limits muscle growth. The news comes seven years after researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore created buff mighty mice by turning off the gene that directs cells to produce myostatin. Now we can say that myostatin acts the same way in humans as in animals, said the boys physician, Dr. Markus Schuelke, a professor in the child neurology department at Charite/ University Medical Center Berlin. We can apply that knowledge to humans, including trial therapies for muscular dystrophy. Given the huge potential market for such drugs, researchers at universities and pharmaceutical companies already are trying to find a way to limit the amount and activity of myostatin in the body. Wyeth has Just begun human tests of a genetically engineered antibody designed to neutralize myostatin. Dr. Lou Kunkel, director of the genomics program at Boston Childrens Hospital and professor of pediatrics and genetics at Harvard Medical School, said success is possible within several years. Just decreasing this protein by 20, 30, 50 percent can have a profound effect on muscle bulk, said Kunkel, who is among the doctors participating in the Wyeth research. Slow wasting process Muscular dystrophy is the worlds most common genetic disease. There is no cure and the most common form, Duchennes, usually kills before adulthood. The few treatments being tried to slow its progression have serious side effects. Muscle asting also is common in the elderly and patients with diseases such as cancer and AIDS. If you could find a way to block myostatin activity, you might slow the wasting process, said Dr. Se-Jin Lee, the Johns Hopkins professor whose team created the mighty mice. Lee said he believes a myostatin blocker also could suppress fat accumulation and thus thwart the development of diabetes. Lee and Johns Hopkins would receive royalties for any myostatin-blocking drug made by Wyeth. Dr. Eric Hoffman, director of Childrens National Medical Centers Research Center for Genetic Medicine, said he believes a muscular dystrophy cure will be found, but he is unsure whether it will be a myostatin-blocking drug, another treatment or a combination, because about a dozen genes have some effect on muscles. He said a mystotatin- blocking drug could help other groups of people, including astronauts and others who lose muscle mass during long stints in zero gravity or when immobilized by illness or a broken limb. Eventual health problems? Researchers would not disclose the German boys identity but said he was born to a nd three other close male relatives all were unusually strong, with one of them a construction worker able to unload heavy curbstones by hand. In the mother, one copy of the gene is mutated and the other is normal; the boy has two mutated copies. One almost definitely came from his father, but no information about him has been disclosed. The mutation is very rare in people. The boy is healthy now, but doctors worry he could eventually suffer heart or other health problems. In the past few years, scientists have seen great potential in myostatin-blocking strategies. Internet marketers have been hawking myostatin-blocking supplements to bodybuilders, though doctors say the products are useless and perhaps dangerous. Some researchers are trying to turn off the myostatin gene in chickens to produce more meat per bird. And several breeds of cattle have natural variations in the gene that, aided by selective breeding, give them far more muscle and less fat than other steer. He could do the iron cross when he was 5 months old, said his adoptive mother, Dana Hoekstra of Roosevelt Park. She was referring to a difficult gymnastics move in hich a male athlete suspends himself by his arms between two hanging rings, forming the shape of a cross. Liam has the kind of physical attributes that bodybuilders and other athletes dream about: 40 percent more muscle mass than normal, Jaw-dropping strength, breathtaking quickness, a speedy metabolism and almost no body fat. Liam can run like the wind, has the agility of a cat, lifts pieces of furniture that most children his age couldnt push across a slick floor and eats like there is no tomorrow without gaining weight. Liam Hoekstra was hanging upside down by his feet when he performed an inverted sit-up, his shirt falling away to expose rippled abdominal muscles. It was a display of raw power one might expect to see from an Olympic gymnast. Liam is 19 months old. The so-called myostatin blockade has generated tremendous interest in the bodybuilding community. Some nutritional supplements claim to block myostatin, but researchers have said the claims are not scientifically valid. If the myostatin protein is knocked out, muscles grow and rejuvenate much more uickly,

Essay --

At the core of the conflict between the States of Palestine and Israel is constant development of new settlements by the State of Israel in Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT) in the effort to fragment the Palestinian State in order to preclude the establishment of a structured, Country of Palestine. Despite numerous Security Council Resolutions condemning such settlements and reaffirming their illegality, Israel continues to erect settlements in The West Bank, the Gaza Strip and East Jerusalem, refusing to withdraw from them and supposing a barrier between themselves and any potential peace solution that could be achieved or that have tried to be arrived to in the past. The Israelis have varying levels of authority in the Occupied Palestinian territories, but mostly retain full control of such regions, without any indications of possible leniencies arising. Apart from constituting serious breaches in the humanitarian law, the settlements are illegal by international law and viol ate the 4th Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian persons in Times of War. Regardless of this and using numerous justifications that call upon the right of the Israelis to settle in Palestinian Territory, settlement growth continues to increase even as international pressure for peace also becomes stronger. 1948- 1968 In May 1948 the State of Israel declares it independence. From this declaration to the Six Day War, there is no settling taking place due to Israel being at constant conflict with its neighboring Arab States. In 1967, the Six Day War marks what have come to be called the 1967 borders. Israel illegally annexes 70km2including considerable portions of Gaza, the West Bank and East Jerusalem. This same year, Israel’s De... ...srael’s security and that therefore must be annexed. The plan is not yet taken to action but will serve as a future reference for security oriented settlements. In 1982 the government continues to rule out any potential peace plans that could involve land being taken away from the State of Israel. The Prime Minister in 1984, Isaac Shamir presents his plan according to The A Hundred Thousand Plan contrived by the Ministry of Agriculture for settlements up to 2010 and emphasises there would be no change in the sovereignty held in the West bank. 1988-1992 During this period of time, the amount of Israeli settlements increases by 60%, following the Hundred Thousand Plan. The Israeli government continues to be transparent in its desire to continue building settlements and ensuring the development of them through infrastructure and control. By the end of this period,